HDMI version
Release time:
2023-08-28
Source:
Internet
HDMI version 1.0
In December 2002, the first HDMI 1.0 version was released, with its most notable feature being the integration of a digital audio interface. Compared to the then‑popular DVI interface, it was more advanced and convenient, and better suited for audiovisual equipment.
HDMI version 1.0 supports video streams ranging from DVD to Blu-ray formats and includes CEC functionality. In practical use, it enables a unified communication link among all connected devices, making it easier to control the entire device ecosystem. Compared with other cable standards of the same era, it stands out as highly competitive.
Following version 1.0, there were three additional releases: versions 1.1, 1.2, and 1.3. HDMI 1.1 was introduced on May 20, 2004, adding support for DVD‑Audio. HDMI 1.2, released in August 2005, further expanded compatibility to include 1‑bit audio and SACD audio streams, supporting up to eight channels.
HDMI version 1.3 was released in June 2006, marking a significant advancement by boosting the bandwidth to 340 MHz and enabling LCD TVs to achieve data transfer rates of 10.2 Gbps. It supports technologies such as Deep Color, Dolby TrueHD, and DTS‑HD Master Audio, allowing audio streams from Blu-ray players to be transmitted via HDMI to compatible AV amplifiers for decoding.
HDMI version 1.4
During the evolution of HDMI, version 1.4 was the most widely adopted, having been released in May 2009.
HDMI 1.4 already supported 4K, but due to a bandwidth limit of 10.2 Gbps, it could only handle a maximum resolution of 3840×2160 at 30 FPS. Later, as the 3D craze was just taking off, HDMI 1.4 added support for 3D video at 1080p/24 fps and 720p/50 fps or 60 fps. In terms of audio, it also introduced the ARC feature, allowing TV audio to be sent back to an AV receiver via HDMI for further processing and output.
Following HDMI 1.4, there were also HDMI 1.4a and 1.4b—minor revisions introduced in the wake of the 3D boom sparked by “Avatar.”
HDMI version 2.0
HDMI 2.0 boosts bandwidth to 18 Gbps, enabling support for 4K/60p video with smooth, vivid playback and ideal picture quality—free of stuttering and gentler on the eyes. It also complies with the Rec.2020 color space, delivering richer color depth and more nuanced, detailed imagery. Additionally, it supports plug-and-play functionality and hot-swapping.
At the same time, it supports a 3840×2160 resolution and a maximum frame rate of 60 Hz. In addition, audio capabilities have been significantly enhanced, supporting up to 32 channels of lossless audio and a maximum sampling rate of 1536 kHz. It is one of the versions we commonly use today.
Subsequent versions, HDMI 2.0a and 2.0b, merely added support for HDR format transmission on top of HDMI 2.0, enhancing image quality, while otherwise remaining largely unchanged.
HDMI 2.1 version
HDMI 2.1 is one of the most widely adopted versions, having been introduced in January 2017. It significantly boosts the transmission bandwidth from 18 Gbps to 48 Gbps, enabling support for video resolutions up to 7,680 × 4,320 at 60 Hz (8K/60p), as well as higher‑frame‑rate video at 4K/120 Hz.
HDMI 2.1 supports dynamic HDR, a feature absent in version 2.0. Dynamic HDR can further enhance contrast and tonal gradation by adapting to the brightness and darkness distribution of each individual frame, while also delivering a wider color gamut.
In terms of audio, HDMI 2.1 supports the new eARC (enhanced Audio Return Channel) technology, which, compared to the existing ARC, can transmit object‑based audio formats such as Dolby Atmos. It also supports several new features, including variable refresh rate, fast media switching, quick frame transport, and auto low‑latency mode.
Finally, there’s the newly released HDMI 2.1a, an updated version launched in January 2022. It adds only the SBTM feature, which reduces the color‑grading workload on displays and enhances HDR performance.
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